![]() ![]() In certain cases, reducing engine power to slipping wheels is also required to get things under control. By braking select wheels when slipping is detected, these systems can limit the amount of torque sent to a wheel and reduce wheel slip in the process. Remember, if the amount of torque sent to a wheel exceeds the friction it has with the road, it’ll slip. This technology leverages the same sensors used by anti-lock braking systems to measure wheel speed and determine whether any wheel under power has lost traction. Traction control is one innovation that has helped limit tire slip in modern vehicles - even the two-wheel-drive variety. Wheel slip results when the torque applied to a tire exceeds its available traction (often, at red-light drag races). The most powerful engine in the world won’t move you an inch if your tires lack traction. Friction is required for traction, and traction is required to harness torque. That last bit is important because it illustrates the relationship between friction, traction and torque. friction - that prevents your tires from simply slipping along the road. ![]() Applying torque to the wheels is what moves your car from A to B granted, there’s a force - a.k.a. Torque is multiplied and split up between wheels by various gears in the transmission and differentials, which send torque from the driveshaft or transmission to the drive wheels. Loosely speaking (in automotive terms), torque is the twisting force produced by a car’s engine. With that soul-searching behind you, understanding the differences between various four-wheel-drive ( 4WD) and all-wheel-drive ( AWD) offerings (and everything in between) will make buying your next ride that much easier. Today, finding the perfect match between driving ability, fuel consumption and price first requires a honest evaluation of your own motoring needs. It’s a shift muddin’ diehards still cuss about over tallboys at dusk, but there’s no denying that a new generation of sure-footed cars with better handling in tricky conditions has benefited drivers everywhere. Like many buzz-worthy specs originally developed for enthusiasts and professionals, though, some variant of the general principle was soon rushed into vehicles of all stripes by manufacturers. Four-wheel-drive used to be synonymous with mullets off-roading in the minds of most consumers. ![]()
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